top of page
Asian Institute of Research, Journal Publication, Journal Academics, Education Journal, Asian Institute
Asian Institute of Research, Journal Publication, Journal Academics, Education Journal, Asian Institute

Journal of Social and Political

Sciences

ISSN 2615-3718 (Online)

ISSN 2621-5675 (Print)

asia insitute of research, journal of social and political sciences, jsp, aior, journal publication, humanities journal, social journa
asia insitute of research, journal of social and political sciences, jsp, aior, journal publication, humanities journal, social journa
asia insitute of research, journal of social and political sciences, jsp, aior, journal publication, humanities journal, social journa
asia insitute of research, journal of social and political sciences, jsp, aior, journal publication, humanities journal, social journa
crossref
doi
open access

Published: 08 April 2022

Crisis Management of Disaster Communication in Mitigation of Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia

Dwinarko, Erita Riski Putri

University of Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya (Indonesia)

journal of social and political sciences
pdf download

Download Full-Text Pdf

doi

10.31014/aior.1991.05.02.342

Pages: 1-11

Keywords: Disaster Communication, Crisis Management, Mitigation

Abstract

This study aims to determine the crisis management of disaster communication in mitigating coronavirus outbreak. Situational Crisis Communication Theory serves as the basis for reviewing prevention through the situation and conditions of Covid-19 transmission, with descriptive qualitative method and narrative analysis, to help provide an explanation of the pandemic crisis. The reality of mitigation using the constructiveness paradigm must provide dialectics of the management and availability of vitamins, drugs, oxygen, hospitals, and health workers as part of public information security. Results show the lack of public awareness and disinformation, as well as suboptimal coordination on issues of policies regarding large-scale social restrictions, New Normal, restrictions on community activities. These issues were used on social media by the skeptical public and opposition groups under in the guise of democracy. As recommendations, crisis handling should be integrated, through the construction of reality with management of crisis and communication. Using an approach to cultural values, and societal norms, maximizing the use of socialization by government officials, through mass media, social media, and direct action, as well as providing the needs of the community to counter the political issues.

References

  1. Arifin, D. (2020). Presiden Tetapkan COVID-19 Sebagai Bencana Nasional [President Declares COVID-19 As National Disaster]. Retrieved August 9, 2021, from BNPB website: https://bnpb.go.id/berita/presiden-tetapkan-covid19-sebagai-bencana-nasional.

  2. Bandura, A. (2004). Social cognitive theory for personal and social change by enabling media. In A. Singhal, M. J. Cody, E. M. Rogers, & M. Sabido (Eds.), Entertainment-education and social change: History, research, and practice (pp. 75–96). https://doi.org/10.4324/9781410609595.

  3. Bandura, A. (2009). Social Cognitive Theory of Mass Communication. In J. Bryant & M. B. Oliver (Eds.), Media Effects: Advances in Theory and Research (pp. 121–153). New York.

  4. Benoit, W. L., & Pang, A. (2008). Crisis communication and image repair discourse. In T. Hansen-Horn & B. Neff (Eds.), Public relations: From theory to practice (pp. 244–261). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.

  5. Berge, D. T. (1991). Planning for Crisis: How to Cope with the Wolf at the Door. European Management Journal, 9, 30–35.

  6. Bickham, S. B., & Francis, D. B. (2021). The Public’s Perceptions of Government Officials’ Communication in the Wake of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Creative Communications, 16(2), 190–202. https://doi.org/10.1177/09732586211003856.

  7. Bogdan, R. C., & Biklen, S. K. (1998). Qualitative Research for Education (3rd ed.). Needham Heights: Allyn and Bacon.

  8. Bona, M. F. (2021, June 23). Kemkes Tegaskan Kekurangan Pasokan Oksigen Tidak Terjadi di Semua RS [Ministry of Health Affirms Lack of Oxygen Supply Does not Occur in All Hospitals]. BeritaSatu. Retrieved from https://www.beritasatu.com/kesehatan/791065/kemkes-tegaskan-kekurangan-pasokan-oksigen-tidak-terjadi-di-semua-rs.

  9. Bukar, U. A., Jabar, M. A., Sidi, F., Nor, R. N. H., & Abdullah, S. (2021). Social Media Crisis Communication Model for Building Public Resilience: A Preliminary Study. Business Information Systems, (July), 245–256. https://doi.org/10.52825/bis.v1i.55

  10. Coombs, W. T. (2007). Protecting Organization Reputations During a Crisis: The Development and Application of Situational Crisis Communication Theory. Corporate Reputation Review, 10(3), 163–176. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.crr.1550049

  11. Dainty, A., Moore, D., & Murray, M. (2006). Communication in Construction: Theory and Practice. New York: Routledge.

  12. Dickson, A., Yeboah, A., & Ankrah, A. K. (2019). Constructivism philosophical paradigm: Implication for research, teaching and learning. Global Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences, 4(10), 1–9. Retrieved from https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/60883069/Constructivism-Philosophical-Paradigm-Implication-for-Research-Teaching-and-Learning20191012-85439-1fft6xx-with-cover-page-v2.pdf?Expires=1628525610&Signature=U5INq9bRm7gOr11nTfcBemha4O3uj-cuNwNpvbaADhD5CSP1A.

  13. Efstathiou, P. (2014). Crisis Management in the Health Sector : Qualities and characteristics of health crisis managers Crisis management in the Health Sector; Qualities and characteristics of Efstathiou Panos , MD , MSc , PhD , Gogosis Kostas , MSc ,. International Journal of Caring Sciences, 2(3), 105–107. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Panos-Efstathiou-2/publication/47380099_Crisis_Management_in_the_Health_Sector_Qualities_and_characteristics_of_health_crisis_managers/links/0fcfd50a03044307c8000000/Crisis-Management-in-the-Health-Sector-Qualities-and.

  14. Eysenbach, G. (2020). How to Fight an Infodemic: The Four Pillars of Infodemic Management. J Med Internet Res, 22(6), e21820. https://doi.org/10.2196/21820

  15. Fatmah. (2014). Teori dan Penerapan Media Komunikasi, Informasi, dan Edukasi Gizi [Theory and Application of Communication, Information, and Nutrition Education Media].. Jakarta: Erlangga.

  16. Fauzi, N., & Rusdy, M. (2020). The Pattern of Disaster Communication and Media to Improve Community Alertness in North Aceh Regency. Journal Pekommas, 5(2), 133. https://doi.org/10.30818/jpkm.2020.2050203.

  17. Galvão, J. (2021). COVID-19: the deadly threat of misinformation. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 21(5), e114. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30721-0.

  18. Garfield, R. (2007). Measuring humanitarian emergencies. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, 1(2), 110–116. https://doi.org/10.1097/DMP.0b013e318158a436

  19. Girard, J., & Girard, J. (2015). Defining knowledge management: Toward an applied compendium. Online Journal of Applied Knowledge Management, 3(1), 1–20. Retrieved from https://www.iiakm.org/ojakm/articles/2015/volume3_1/OJAKM_Volume3_1pp1-20.pdf

  20. Hirschfeld, G., & Thielsch, M. T. (2021). Impact of crisis communication strategies on people’s attitudes toward behavioral guidelines regarding COVID-19 and on their trust in local officials A Preprint.

  21. Houston, J. B., Schraedley, M. K., Worley, M. E., Reed, K., & Saidi, J. (2019). Disaster journalism: fostering citizen and community disaster mitigation, preparedness, response, recovery, and resilience across the disaster cycle. Disasters, 43(3), 591–611. https://doi.org/10.1111/disa.12352

  22. Jelita, I. N. (2021, July 21). Soal Kelangkaan Obat Covid-19, GP Farmasi: Ada Masalah Supply-Demand [Regarding the Scarcity of Covid-19 Drugs, GP Pharmacy: There is a Supply-Demand Problem]. Media Indonesia. Retrieved from https://mediaindonesia.com/humaniora/420003/soal-kelangkaan-obat-covid-19-gp-farmasi-ada-masalah-supply-demand.

  23. Kriyantono, R. (2006). Teknis Praktis Riset Komunikasi [Practical Technical Communication Research]. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media.

  24. Lee, S.-H., & Makhija, M. (2009). Flexibility in internationalization: is it valuable during an economic crisis?. Strategic Management Journal, 30(5), 537–555. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.742.

  25. Luhukay, M. S. (2009). Penerapan Manajemen Krisis Di Indonesia : Memotret Krisis Dalam Kacamata Public Relations [Application of Crisis Management in Indonesia: Photographing the Crisis in the Eyes of Public Relations]. Scriptura, 2(1), 18–28. https://doi.org/10.9744/scriptura.2.1.18-28.

  26. Mason, A., Flores, L., Liu, P., Tims, K., Spencer, E., & Gire, T. G. (2019). Disaster communication: An analysis of the digital communication strategies used by the medical tourism industry during the 2017 Caribbean hurricane season. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 2(3), 241–259. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-03-2018-0021

  27. Maulida, R. A. (2021). Implementasi Teori Komunikasi Krisis Situasional pada kasus Covid-19 oleh Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Barat melalui @ pikobar_jabar [Implementation of Situational Crisis Communication Theory on the Case of Covid-19 by the Government of West Jawa through @ pikobar_jabar]. Journal Pekommas, 6(1), 83–94. https://doi.org/10.30818/jpkm.2021.2060109.

  28. Monahan, B., & Ettinger, M. (2018). News Media and Disasters: Navigating Old Challenges and New Opportunities in the Digital Age. In H. Rodríguez, W. Donne, & J. E. Trainor (Eds.), (2nd ed., pp. 479–495). Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63254-4_23.

  29. Moorthy, R., Benny, G., & Gill, S. S. (2018). Disaster communication in managing vulnerabilities. Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication, 34(2), 51–66. https://doi.org/10.17576/JKMJC-2018-3402-04

  30. Mustinda, L. (2021, July 21). Survei Vaksin COVID-19 di Indonesia, 67% Yakin dan 33 % Menolak. DetikEdu [Survey of COVID-19 Vaccines in Indonesia, 67% Convinced and 33% Refused]. Retrieved from https://www.detik.com/edu/detikpedia/d-5640755/survei-vaksin-covid-19-di-indonesia-67-yakin-dan-33--menolak

  31. National Covid-19 Task Force. (2021). Covid19.go.id. Retrieved August 10, 2021, from http://www.covid19.go.id

  32. Neuhauser, L., & Kreps, G. L. (2003). Rethinking Communication in the E-health Era. Journal of Health Psychology, 8(1), 7–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105303008001426

  33. Neuman, W. L. (2013). Metode penelitian Sosial: Pendekatan Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif [Social research methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approach]. Jakarta: PT Indeks.

  34. Overton, R. (2008). Management Development Manual. Developing Management Skills for the 21st Century. Sydney: Sydney Business Centre.

  35. Palen, L., & Hughes, A. L. (2018). Social Media in Disaster Communication. In H. Rodríguez, W. Donner, & J. E. Trainor (Eds.), Handbook of Disaster Research (2nd ed., pp. 497–518). Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63254-4_24

  36. Radlovacki, A. (2020). Crisis Communication in the Time of Corona: a comparative analysis of Danish and Swedish public news narratives. Malmo University.

  37. Rhee, M., & Valdez, M. E. (2009). Contextual Factors Surrounding Reputation Damage With Potential Implications for Reputation Repair. Academy of Management Review, 34(1), 146–168. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2009.35713324

  38. Sandyawan, I. (2020, June 22). Reaksi Masyarakat terhadap Pemberlakuan New Normal [Public Reaction to New Normal Enforcement]. Kompasiana. Retrieved from https://www.kompasiana.com/isandyawan/5ef03690097f364cc2476f52/reaksi-masyarakat-terhadap-pemberlakuan-new-normal.

  39. Saputra, M. G. (2020). Muhammadiyah Kritik New Normal: Keselamatan Jiwa Masyarakat Tidak Kalah Penting [Muhammadiyah New Normal Criticism: The Safety of People's Souls Is No Less Important]. Retrieved August 2, 2021, from Merdeka.com website: https://www.merdeka.com/peristiwa/muhammadiyah-kritik-new-normal-keselamatan-jiwa-masyarakat-tidak-kalah-penting.html.

  40. Severin, W. J., & Tankard, J. W. (2011). Teori Komunikasi: Sejarah, Metode, & Terapan di dalam Media Massa (Ed ke-5) [Communication Theory: History, Methods, and Application in Mass Media (5th Ed.)]. Jakarta (ID): Kencana.

  41. Situmorang, H. D. (2021, July 27). Reisa: 50.000 Hoax tentang Vaksin Beredar Selama Pandemi [Reisa: 50,000 Hoaxes About Vaccines Circulating During a Pandemic]. BeritaSatu. Retrieved from https://www.beritasatu.com/kesehatan/806255/reisa-50000-hoax-tentang-vaksin-beredar-selama-pandemi.

  42. Suryanto. (2015). Pengantar Ilmu Komunikasi [Introduction to Communication Science]. Bandung [ID]: Pustaka Setia.

  43. Taneja, S., Pryor, M. G., Sewell, S., Recuero, A. M., & Texas, A. (2014). Strategic Crisis Management: A Basis for Renewal and Crisis Prevention. Journal of Management Policy & Practice, 15(2004), 78–85.

  44. Thomas, R. K. (2006). Health Communication. New York: Springer Science+Business Media.

  45. Trans-siber.com. (2020, September 14). Robert Budi Hartono Surati Jokowi Perihal Penolakan PSBB [Robert Budi Hartono Letters to Jokowi Regarding the Rejection of Large-Scale Social Restrictions]. Retrieved from Trans-siber.com website: https://trans-siber.com/robert-budi-hartono-surati-jokowi-perihal-penolakan-psbb/

  46. Treadwell, D. (2014). Introducing Communication Research (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks: Sage.

  47. Tuter, A. (2021, July 19). Anies: Rumah Sakit Masih Penuh [Anies: Hospitals are Still Full]. RRI.co.id. Retrieved from https://rri.co.id/humaniora/kesehatan/1119348/anies-rumah-sakit-masih-penuh.

  48. Wareza, M. (2021, July 17). Hoax dari dr Lois Akhirnya Memakan Korban Jiwa [Hoax from dr. Lois Finally Takes Life]. CNBC Indonesia. Retrieved from https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20210717172541-4-261686/hoax-dari-dr-lois-akhirnya-memakan-korban-jiwa.

bottom of page