Examination of Individuals’ Level of Fear of COVID-19, Fear of Missing Out (FoMO), and Ruminative Thought Style
top of page
Asian Institute of Research, Journal Publication, Journal Academics, Education Journal, Asian Institute
Asian Institute of Research, Journal Publication, Journal Academics, Education Journal, Asian Institute

Education Quarterly Reviews

ISSN 2621-5799

asia institute of research, journal of education, education journal, education quarterly reviews, education publication, education call for papers
asia institute of research, journal of education, education journal, education quarterly reviews, education publication, education call for papers
asia institute of research, journal of education, education journal, education quarterly reviews, education publication, education call for papers
asia institute of research, journal of education, education journal, education quarterly reviews, education publication, education call for papers
crossref
doi
open access

Published: 29 April 2021

Examination of Individuals’ Level of Fear of COVID-19, Fear of Missing Out (FoMO), and Ruminative Thought Style

Ümit Bayın, Samet Makas, Eyüp Çelik, Eda Biçener

Düzce University (Turkey), Sakarya University (Turkey)

asia institute of research, journal of education, education journal, education quarterly reviews, education publication, education call for papers
pdf download

Download Full-Text Pdf

doi

10.31014/aior.1993.04.02.215

Pages: 264-273

Keywords: Fear of COVID-19, Fear of Missing Out, Ruminative Thought Style

Abstract

In the current study, it was aimed to examine the relationships between individuals’ fear of COVID-19, fear of missing out (FoMO), and ruminative thought style levels. The participants consisted of 408 individuals aged between 17-68, of which 110 were male and 298 were female. In this study, The Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Fear of Missing Out Scale, and Ruminative Thought Style Questionnaire were used in order to collect data. Relational survey method was used in the research. In the mediation analysis, it was observed that the ruminative thought style has a mediator role in the relationship between FoMO and fear of COVID-19. According to the findings, women have a higher fear of COVID-19 and ruminative thought style levels than men, besides that married individuals' fear of COVID-19 level is higher than single individuals, but FoMO and ruminative thought levels are lower.

References

  1. Ahorsu, D. K., Lin, C. Y., Imani, V., Saffari, M., Griffiths, M. D., & Pakpour, A. H. (2020) The Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Development and initial validation. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00270-8

  2. Alloy, L. B., Abramson, L. Y., Hogan, M. E, Whitehouse, W. G., Rose, D. T., Robinson, M. S., & Kim, R. S. (2000). The temple-wisconsin cognitive vulnerability to depression project: Lifetime history of axis I psychopathology in individuals at high and low cognitive risk for depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109(3), 403-418.  https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.109.3.403

  3. Al-Menayes, J. (2016). The fear of missing out scale: Validation of the arabic version and correlation with social media addiction. International Journal of Applied Psychology, 6(2), 41-46. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.ijap.20160602.04

  4. Arslan, H., Tozkoparan, S. B., & Kurt, A. A. (2019). Öğretmenlerde mobil telefon yoksunluğu korkusunun ve gelişmeleri kaçırma korkusunun incelenmesi. Erzincan Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 21(3), 237–256.  https://doi.org/10.17556/erziefd.512074

  5. Baker, Z. G., Krieger, H., & LeRoy, A. S. (2016). Fear of missing out: Relationships with depression, mindfulness, and physical symptoms. Translational Issues in Psychological Science, 2(3), 275–282. https://doi.org/10.1037/tps0000075

  6. Beyens, I., Frison, E., & Eggermont, S. (2016). I don’t want to miss a thing: Adolescents’ fear of missing out and its relationship to adolescents’ social needs, Facebook use, and Facebook related stress. Computers in Human Behavior, 64, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.05.083

  7. Błachnio, A., & Przepiórka, A. (2018). Facebook intrusion, fear of missing out, narcissism, and life satisfaction: A cross-sectional study. Psychiatry Research, 259, 514-519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2017.11.012

  8. Brinker, J. K., & Dozois, J. A. (2009). Ruminative thought style and depressed mood. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 65(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20542

  9. Dossey, L. (2014). FoMO, digital dementia, and our dangerous experiment. Explore (NY), 10(2), 69-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.explore.2013.12.008

  10. Eker, İ. (2016). Travmatik yaşantıların pskolojik sağlığa etkisi: travmanın türü, zaman yönelimi, dünyaya ilişkin varsayımlar ve ruminasyonlar açısından bir inceleme [Master’s thesis]. AU Academic Archive System. https://dspace.ankara.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/20.500.12575/33720

  11. Elhai, J. D., Levine, J. C., Dvorak, R. D., & Hall, B. J. (2016). Fear of missing out, need for touch, anxiety and depression are related to problematic smartphone use. Computers in Human Behavior, 63, 509–516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.05.079

  12. Ercengiz, M. (2020). Dürtüsellik ile sosyal medya aşerme arasındaki ilişkide FoMO’nun aracılık etkisi. OPUS–Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi, 15(22), 2528-9535. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.64879

  13. Erdur-Baker, Ö. (2009). Peer victimization, rumination, and problem solving as risk contributors to adolescents’ depressive symptoms. The Journal of Psychology, 143(1), 78-90. https://doi.org/10.3200/JRLP.143.1.78-90

  14. Eşitti, Ş. (2015). Bilgi çağında problemli internet kullanımı ve enformasyon obezitesi: Problemli internet kullanımı ölçeğinin üniversite öğrencilerine uygulanması. İstanbul Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi, 49(2), 75-79. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/iuifd/issue/22900/245174

  15. Gerhold, L. (2020). COVID-19: Risk perception and coping strategies. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/xmpk4

  16. Gil, F., Chamarro, A., & Oberst, U. (2015). Addiction to online social networks: a question of “fear of missing out?. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 4(1), 1-66. https://doi.org/10.1556/JBA.4.2015.Suppl.1

  17. Gökler, M. E., Aydın, R., Ünal, E., & Metintaş, S. (2016). Sosyal Ortamlarda Gelişmeleri Kaçırma Korkusu Ölçeğinin Türkçe sürümünün geçerlilik ve güvenilirliğinin değerlendirilmesi. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 17, 53-59. https://doi.org/10.5455/apd.195843

  18. Hayran, C., Anik, L., & Gürhan-Canli, Z. (2016). Exploring the antecedents and consumer behavioral consequences of "feeling of missing out" (FoMO)" (Accession No. 1021535) [Abstract from Association for Consumer Research]. Advances in Consumer Research, 44, 468-468. http://www.acrwebsite.org/volumes/1021535/volumes/v44/NA-44

  19. Hayran C., Anik L., & Gürhan-Canli Z. (2017) Exploring the antecedents and consumer behavioral consequences of “Feeling of Missing Out (FOMO).” In M. Sieler (Eds.), Creating marketing magic and ınnovative future marketing trends: Proceedings of the 2016 Academy of Marketing Science Annual Conference (pp. 661-662). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45596-9_127

  20. Hetz, P. R., Dawson, C. L., & Cullen, T. A. (2015). Social media use and the fear of missing out (FoMO) while studying abroad. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 47(4), 259-272. https://doi.org/10.1080/15391523.2015.1080585

  21. Hoşgör, H., Koç-Tütüncü, S., Gündüz-Hoşgör, D., & Tandoğan, Ö. (2017). Üniversite öğrencileri arasında sosyal medyadaki gelişmeleri kaçırma korkusu yaygınlığının farklı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi. International Journal of Academic Value Studies, 3(17), 213-223. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12415/3472

  22. JWT Intelligence (2012). Fear of missing out (FoMO). http://www.slideshare.net/jwtintelligence/thefear-of-missing-out-FoMO-march 2012

  23. Kartol, A., & Peker, A. (2020). Ergenlerde sosyal ortamlarda gelişmeleri kaçırma korkusu (FoMO) yordayıcılarının incelenmesi. OPUS– Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi, 15(21), 454-474. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.62808

  24. Karatepe, H. T., Yavuz, F. K., & Turkcan, A. (2013). Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the ruminative thought style questionnaire. Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni-Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 23(3), 231-241. https://doi.org/10.5455/bcp.20121130122311

  25. Lyubomirsky, S., Tucker, K. L., Caldwell, N.D., & Berg, K. (1999). Why ruminators are poor problem solvers. Clues from the phenomenology of dysphoric rumination. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(5), 1041-1060.  https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.77.5.1041

  26. Morford, M. (2010, August 4). Oh my God you are so missing out. SFGate. https://www.sfgate.com/entertainment/morford/article/Oh-my-God-you-areso-missingout-2536241.php

  27. Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Stice, E., Wade, E., & Bohon, C. (2007). Reciprocal relations between rumination and bulimic, substance abuse, and depressive symptoms in adolescent females. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 116(1), 198-207. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.116.1.198

  28. Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Wisco, B. E., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2008). Rethinking rumination. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3(5), 400-424. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2008.00088.x

  29. Oberst, U., Wegmann, E., Stodt, B., Brand, M., & Chamarro, A. (2017). Negative consequences from heavy social networking in adolescents: The mediating role of fear of missing out. Journal of Adolescence, 55, 51-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.12.008

  30. Özcan, H. M., & Koç, U. (2019). The dark side of digitalization fear of missing out: The sample of banking sector employees. Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 7(5), 2851-2862. https://doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v7i5.1362

  31. Papageorgiou, C., & Wells, A. (2004). Depressive rumination: Nature, theory, treatment. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6f02/67174824722fc5b461608c6f6ef89e5f05cc.pdf

  32. Przybylski, A. K., Murayama, K., DeHaan, C. R., & Gladwell, V. (2013). Motivational, emotional, and behavioral correlates of fear of missing out. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(4), 1841–1848. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.02.014

  33. Reagle, J. (2015). Following the Joneses: FoMO and conspicuous sociality. First Monday, 20(10). https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v20i10.6064

  34. Rogers, A. P., & Barber, L. K. (2019). Addressing FoMO and telepressure among university students: Could a technology intervention help with social media use and sleep disruption? Computers in Human Behavior, 93, 192-199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.12.016

  35. Satici, B., Gocet-Tekin, E., Deniz, M. E., & Satici, S. A. (2020). Adaptation of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Its association with psychological distress and life satisfaction in Turkey. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00294-0

  36. Segerstrom, S. C., Tsao, J. C. I., Alden, L. E., & Craske, M. G. (2000). Worry and rumination: Repetitive thought as a concomitant and predictor of negative mood. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 24(6), 671-688. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005587311498

  37. Stead, H., & Bibby, P. A. (2017). Personality, fear of missing out and problematic internet use and their relationship to subjective well-being. Computers in Human Behavior, 76, 534-540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.08.016

  38. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2020). COVID-19 (2019-n CoV hastalığı) rehberi. Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü. https://www.millipediatri.org.tr/Custom/Upload/files/COVID-19-(2019-n-CoV-HASTALIGI)-REHBERI.pdf

  39. Trait, R. J., Binker, J. Moller, C. I., & French D. J. (2014). Rumination, substance use and self harm in a representative Australian adult sample. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 70(3), 283- 293. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22025

  40. Treynor, W., Gonzalez, R., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2003). Rumination reconsidered: A psychometric analysis. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 27(3), 247-259. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023910315561

  41. Yılmaz, A. E. (2014). The role of worry and ruminaton in the symptoms of anxiety and depression. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 26(2), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.5080/u8017

bottom of page