Education Quarterly Reviews
ISSN 2621-5799
Published: 30 April 2021
The Science Course-Focused Responsibility Scale Towards Primary School Students’: Study of the Validity and Reliability
Sevda Nur Açikgöz, Mutlu Pınar Demirci Güler
Ministry of National Education (Turkey), Kırşehir Ahi Evran University (Turkey)
Download Full-Text Pdf
10.31014/aior.1993.04.02.274
Pages: 637-650
Keywords: Science Course, Scale Development, Responsibility
Abstract
The research is a scale development research that aimed to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool that may determine the science course-focused student responsibility levels of primary school students. The research was carried out in three central districts in Kayseri province in the 2018-2019 academic year. The research' sample was made up of three different study groups and research was carried out with the participation of 870 students. The data of the first study group were used for the pilot application phase, the data of the second study group for the exploratory factor analysis (EFA), the data of the third study group for the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). As a result of the validity-reliability analysis of the study by adopting a Likert-type scale development model, a 17-item scale structure with Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficient .87, consisting of 4 factors, was collected, which explains 50.83% of the total variance
References
Adelson, J. L., & McCoach, D. B. (2010). Measuring the mathematical attitudes of elementary students: The effects of a 4-point or 5-point likert-type scale. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 70(5), 796–807. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164410366694
Aladağ, S. (2009). The effect of values education approaches on students’ level of gaining responsibility value in primary school social studies education (Publication No.278337) [Doctoral thesis, Gazi University]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Center.
Altunok Çal, İ. A., & Yeşil, R. (2019). The scale of determining the responsible behaviour level of preschool children: validity and reliability study. MANAS Journal of Social Studies, 8(3), 2415-2431. https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.534521
Altunok Çal, İ., & Yeşil, R. (2019). Validity and Reliability Analysis of Responsibility Education Practices Scale. YYU Journal of Education Faculty, 16(1):1442-1462. http://dx.doi.org/10.23891/efdyyu.2019.167
Aslan, M. (2011). Character education and values to be acquired by students in primary schools. (Publication No. 287995) [Master Thesis, Eskişehir Osmangazi University]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Center.
Ayas, A. (1995). A study on program development and implementation techniques in science: an evaluation of two contemporary approaches. Hacettepe University Journal of Education, 11, 149-155.
Berkowitz, L., & Lutterman, K. G. (1968). The traditional socially responsible personality. Public Opinion Quarterly, 32(2), 169-185. https://doi.org/10.1086/267597
Burke, N., Crum, S., Genzler, M., Shaub, D., & Sheets, J. (2001). Building character education in our schools to enhance the learning environment.[Master thesis, Saint Xavier University]. ERIC. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED453144.pdf
Bütün Ayhan, A., & Aral, N. (2007). The adaptation study of the Bracken basic concept scale-revised form for six-year-old children. Hacettepe University Journal of Education 32, 42-51.
Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2002). Factor analysis: Basic concepts and its use in scale development. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 32(32), 470-483.
Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2018). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı istatistik, araştırma deseni SPSS Uygulamaları ve yorum [Data analysis handbook for social sciences statistics, research design SPSS Applications and interpretation] (24th ed). Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık
Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2018). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri [Scientific research methods] (24th ed.). Pegem Akademi.
Can, A. (2017). SPSS ile bilimsel araştırma sürecinde veri analizi [Data analysis in scientific research process with SPSS] (5th ed.). Pegem Akademi.
Çepni, S., Bacanak, A., & Küçük, M. (2003). Changing values in the goals of science education: science-technology-society, Journal of Values Education, 1(4), 7-29.
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research methods in education (6. Ed.). Routledge.
Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2018). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları [Multivariate statistics SPSS and LISREL applications for social sciences] (5th ed.).Pegem Akademi.
Coles, M. E., & Schofield, C. A. (2008). Assessing the development of inflated responsibility beliefs: The Pathways to Inflated Responsibility Beliefs Scale. Behavior Therapy, 39(4), 322-335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2007.09.003
course in improving of social responsibility understanding. Electronic Journal of Social Sciences, 13(49), 221-232. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.72162
Cüceloğlu, D. (2017). İçimizdeki biz [The we in us] (56th ed.). Remzi Kitabevi.
Demirci Güler, M. P., & Açıkgöz, S. N. (2019). Examinatıon of the science course curriculum of the year 2018 in terms of including course outcomes regarding responsibility. Journal of Qualitative Research in Education, 7(1), 391-419. https://doi.org/ 10.14689/issn.2148-2624.1.7c1s.18m
Demirhan İşcan, C. (2007). The efficiency of primary school values education curriculum. (Publication No. 229089) [Doctoral Thesis, Hacettepe University]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Center.
Doğan, U., (2014). Validity and reliability study of the turkish version student personal responsibility scale-10. Trakya University Journal of Social Science, 17(1), 163-170.
Douglass, N.H. (2001). Saygı ve sorumluluk eğitiminde yeni yaklaşımlar [New approaches in respect and responsibility education] (Y. Özen & Ö. Yurttutan, trans. ed.). Nobel Yayıncılık.
Eraslan, L. (2011). Development of individual social responsibility scale (IRS): Validity and reliability study. Journal of Social Policy Studies, 7(24), 81-91.
Ergül, H. F., & Kurtulmuş, M. (2014). Views of academic staff about community service applications
Field, A. (2005). Discovering statistics using SPSS (2nd ed.). London: Sage Publication.
Filiz, B., & Demirhan, G. (2015). The Adaptation Study of Personal and Social Responsibility Questionnaire into Turkish Language. Hacettepe Journal of Sport Sciences, 26 (2), 51–64.
Finnish National Agency for Education. (2020). The Science Curriculum in Primary and Lower Secondary Grades. Retrieved from: https://www.oph.fi/fi
Glasser, W. (2005). Kişisel özgürlüğün psikolojisi: seçim teorisi (M. İzmirli, trans.) (Choice Theory: A New Psychology of Personal Freedom). Hayat Yayıncılık.
Glasser, W. (2016). Okulda kaliteli eğitim [The Quality School] (1. ed.). Beyaz Yayınları.
Golzar, A. F. (2006). Development of a responsibility scale for 5th grade elementary students and investigating the relationship of responsibility and gender, locus of control, and academic achievement (Publication No. 174902) [Master thesis. Hacettepe University]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Center.
Gough, H. G., McClosky, H., & Meehl, P. E. (1952). A personality scale for social responsibility. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 47(1), 73–80. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0062924
Gündüz, M. (2014). The effect of teaching the value of "responsibility" with project-based learning approach to primary school 3rd grade students in life science course, on academic achievement and attitude (Publication No.356718) [Doctoral dissertation, Gazi University]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Center.
Gustafson, C. (2010). The effects of birth order on personality.[Master thesis. The Faculty of the Alfred Adler Graduate School]. Minneapolis.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2013). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Harty, H. & Beall, D. (1984). Toward the development of a children’s science curiosity measure. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 21(4), 425–436. https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.3660210410
Hayta Önal, Ş. (2005). The Effect of responsibility programme on to nineth class high school students (Publication No. 188277) [Master thesis. Uludağ University]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Center.
Henson, R. K., & Roberts, J. K. (2006). Exploratory factor analysis in published research: common errors and some comment on improved practice. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66(3), 393-416. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164405282485
Herrera, N. C., Zajonc, R. B., Wieczorkowska, G., & Cichomski, B. (2003). Beliefs about birth rank and their reflection in reality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(1), 142–150. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.1.142
Hong Kong/Education Bureau. (2017). Education Bureau of the Goverment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region: Science education- curriculum documents. Retrieved from: https://www.edb.gov.hk/en/curriculum-development/kla/science-edu/curriculum-
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance
structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55, https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118İkiz, F. E., Totan, T., & Karaca, R. (2013). The standardization study of the pathways to ınflated responsibility beliefs scale. In Yeni Symposium Journal, 51(2), 105-115.
Karagöz, B. (2013). Teaching values to elementary students using school songs (Publication No. 333814) [Doctoral dissertation, İnönü University]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Center.
Karasar, N. (2016). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi: kavramlar-ilkeler-teknikler [Scientific research method: concepts-principles-techniques] (31st ed). Nobel Yayıncılık.
Kaya, M., & Doğan, U. (2014). Student responsibility: The study of scale development, reliability and validity. Journal of European Education, 4(1), 11-18.
Koran, J. J., & Longino, S. J. (1982). Curiosity and children’s science learning. Science and Children, (20),18-19.
Kraft, K. L., & Singhapakdi, A. (1995). The relative importance of social responsibility in determining organizational effectiveness: Student responses II. Journal of Business Ethics, 14(4), 315–326. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00871902
Laçin Şimşek, C., & Nuhoğlu, H. (2009). The development of a reliable and valid curiosity scale for science subjects. Sakarya University Journal of Education Faculty, 18, 28-41.
Lawshe, C. H. (1975). A quantitative approach to content validity. Personnel Psychology,28, 563–575.
Li W., Wright P.M., Rukavina P., & Pickering M. (2008). Measuring students’ perceptions of personal and social responsibility and its relationship to intrinsic motivation in urban physical education. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 27, 167-178. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.27.2.167
Li, W., Wright, P. M., Rukavina, P. B., & Pickering, M. (2008). Measuring students’ perceptions of personal and social responsibility and the relationship to intrinsic motivation in urban physical education. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 27(2), 167-178. https://doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.27.2.167
Likert, R. (1932). A technique for the measurement of attitudes. Archives of Psychology, 22, 5-55.
Luckner, J. (1994). Developing independent and responsible behaviors in students who are deaf or hard of hearing. Teaching Exceptional Children, 26(2), 13-17.
Maslow, A. H. (1954). The instinctoid nature of basic needs. Journal of Personality, 22, 326–347. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1954.tb01136.x
Matthews, M. R. (2017). Fen öğretimi: bilim tarihinin ve felsefesinin katkısı (yirminci yılında gözden geçirilmiş ve genişletilmiş basım) [Science Teaching: The Contribution of History and Philosophy of Science (20th Anniversary Revised and Expanded Edition]. (M. Doğan, trans.). Boğaziçi University Press.
Messina, J. J. (2004). Tools for personal growth: Accepting personal responsibility. Retrieved from: http://coping.us/toolsforpersonalgrowth/acceptingpersonalresponsibility.html
Meydan, C. H., & Şeşen, H. (2011). Yapısal eşitlik modellemesi ve AMOS uygulamaları (Structural equation modeling and AMOS applications). Detay Yayıncılık.
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: an expanded sourcebook (2nd Ed.). Sage.
Ministry of National Education (2018). Science course curriculum (primary and secondary schools 3-8 grades. [Fen bilimleri dersi öğretim programı (ilkokullar ve ortaokullar 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ve 8. sınıflar)] http://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/Programlar.aspx/05.11.2018
Morgan, G. A., Leech, N. L., Gloeckner, G. W., & Barrett, K. C. (2011). IBM SPSS for introductory statistics: use and interpretation (4th ed.). Routledge.
Nyman, L. (1995). The identification of birth order personality attributes. The Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, 129(1), 51–59. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.1995.9914947
Oktay, A. (2007). Yaşamın sihirli yılları: Okul öncesi dönem [The magic years of life: the preschool period]. (6th ed.). Epsilon Yayıncılık.
Ontario Ministry of Education. (2007). The Ontario Curriculum, Grades 1-8: Science and Technology. http://www.edu.gov.on.ca/eng/curriculum/elementary/grade7.html
Özdamar, K. (2016). Eğitim, sağlık ve davranış bilimlerinde ölçek ve test geliştirme yapısal eşitlik modellemesi (Scale and test development structural equation modeling in education, health and behavioral sciences). Nisan Kitabevi.
Özen, Y., & Gülaçtı, F. (2011). Development of internally and externally controlled responsibility scale: validity, reliability and analysis. World Applied Sciences Journal,12 (2), 139-144.
Özen, Y. (2015). Sorumluluk eğitimi (Responsibility education) (1st ed.). Vize Yayıncılık.
PISA (2018). The OECD programme for international student assessment. https://www.oecd.org/pisa/publications/pisa-2018-results.htm
Republic of Estonia/Ministry of Education and Research. (2014). Appendix 4: natural science, national curriculum for basic schools. https://www.hm.ee/en/national-curricula-2014
Rothstein, R. (2000). Toward a composite index of school performance. The Elementary School Journal, 100(5), 409-441.
Şahan, E. (2011). The acquiring level of acquisitions intended for responsibility education in 5th and 8th grade curriculum. (Publication No. 300680) [Master thesis, Ahi Evran University]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Center.
Şahan, E. (2011). The acquiring level of acquisitions intended for responsibility education in 5th and 8th grade curriculum. (Publication No. 300680) [Master thesis, Ahi Evran University]. Council of Higher Education Thesis Center.
Schermelleh-Engel, K., & Moosbrugger, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8(2), 23-74.
Science Teachers’ Association of Ontario (2006). Position paper: The nature of science. Retrieved from: https://stao.ca/position-papers/
Seçer, İ. (2017). SPSS ve LISREL ile pratik veri analizi: analiz ve raporlaştırma[Practical data analysis with SPSS and LISREL: Analysis and reporting]. (3rd ed.). Anı Yayıncılık.
Senemoğlu, N. (2003). Gelişim öğrenme ve öğretim kuramdan uygulamaya.[From development learning and teaching theory to practice] (8th ed.). Gazi Kitabevi.
Singg, S., & Ader, J. A. (2001). Development of student personal responsibility scale-10. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 29(4), 331-336, 2001. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2001.29.4.331
Stipek, D., & Byler, P. (2001). Academic achievement and social behaviors associated with age of entry into kindergarten. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 22(2), 175-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0193-3973(01)00075-2
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2015). Çok değişkenli istatistiklerin kullanımı [Using Multivariate Statistics] (M. Baloğlu, ed.). Nobel Akademik.
Tavşancıl E., (2006). Tutumların ölçülmesi ve SPSS ile veri analizi [Measuring attitudes and data analysis with SPSS]. (3rd ed.). Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
Tezbaşaran, A. (2004). A comparison of conventional ıtem analysis techniques to construct likert type scales. Turkish Journal of Psychology, 19(54), 77-89.
Tezbaşaran, A. (2008). Likert tipi ölçek hazırlama kılavuzu [Likert type scale preparation guide] (3rd ed. e-book). Turkish Psychological Association.
Tillman, D. (2014). 8-14 yaş grubu öğrencileri için yaşayan değerler eğitimi etkinlikleri [Living Values Activities for Children Ages 8-14] (1st ed.). (V. Aktepe, trans.). Eğitim Yayınevi.
TIMSS (2019). Turkey TIMSS 2019 Preliminary Report. (Trends in international mathematics and science study) https://odsgm.meb.gov.tr/meb_iys_dosyalar/2020_12/10175514_TIMSS_2019_Turkiye_On_Raporu_.pdf
Uyanık, Ö., Kaya, Ü. Ü., Kızıltepe, G. İ., & Yaşar, M. C. (2016). An investigation of the relationship between fathers and their children at preschool level. Journal of Theoretical Educational Science, 9(4), 515-531.
Wubbolding, R. E. (2015). Gerçeklik terapisi[Reality Therapy] (E. Emir Öksüz, trans.). Okuyan Us Yayınları.
Yavuzer, H. (1996). Çocuk eğitimi el kitabı [Child education manual] (2nd ed.). Remzi Kitabevi.
Yeşil, R. (2015). The evaluation of responsibility education applications of high school teachers. Journal of Theory and Practice in Education, 16(1),630-652.
Yıldırım, S. (2020). Evaluation of awareness levels of middle school students about digital rights and responsibilities (Publication No. 621216). [Master thesis. Ankara University] Council of Higher Education Thesis Center.
Yoleri, S., & Tanış, H. M. (2014). Determination of the factors affecting adjustment levels of first-class students at elementary school. Journal of Humanities and Tourism Research, 4(2), 130-141. https://doi.org/10.14230/joiss82