Journal of Health and Medical Sciences
ISSN 2622-7258
Published: 15 November 2023
Evaluation of Prevalence of Congenital Anomalies in Children and Infants Admitted to NICU and IPD of Bamyan Provincial Hospital in 2018- 2023
Sherin Hemati, Jamila Jafari, Sayed Qasim Alavi
Bamyan University, Afghanistan
Download Full-Text Pdf
10.31014/aior.1994.06.04.286
Pages: 139-144
Keywords: Congenital Anomalies, Prevalence, Infants, Frequency, Bamyan
Abstract
Background & Aim: Congenital Anomalies are one of the most important causes of disability and death of infants in developing and advanced countries, and the cost of hospitalization and treatment of these children puts a heavy burden on the health system and their families. Therefore, in this research, it has been considered to determine the prevalence of congenital Anomalies in infants Admitted to NICU and IPD. Materials & methods: This is cross-sectional retrospective descriptive study, all infants and children who were admitted to the IPD and NICU of Bamyan provincial hospital from 2018 to September 15, 2023 with the diagnosis of one or more congenital Anomalies were studied. To collect data, after obtaining the permission, NICU's and IPD's register books were accessed. The required data were collected through these books, which included diagnosis and patients' demographic characteristics and additional information was collected through contact with physicians. Data were analyzed and presented for SPSS software version 20 and also using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, frequency and frequency percentage). Results: from 679 infants and children diagnosed with congenital Anomalies, 172 cases (25.4%) were congenital heart diseases (CHD), with the highest frequency in the first degree, 153 cases (22.5%) were seizures and 115 cases (17%) were Neural tube defect( NTD) and 94 cases (13.8%) were Blood Disorders and also 94 cases (13.8%) were cerebral palsy (CP) and 44 cases (6.5%) were chromosomal disorders and 7 cases (1%) were cleft lip and Clift palate. Also, patients with chromosomal disorders were include Down syndrome and Nephrotic syndrome and patients with Blood Disorders included Anemia and thalassemia. Patients with Neural tube defect included three type, Encephallocele, Anencephaly, Spina Bifida, Most of these patients died, or became paralyzed from the legs after surgery. Cerebral palsy patients also had seizures, and most of the statistical population was male with 398 cases (58%) out of all patients. Conclusions: The frequency of congenital heart diseases, seizures and nervous system disorders was higher compared to other congenital Anomalies. Therefore, in order to reduce the prevalence of the mentioned disorders, informing young mothers and families about the risk factors of these diseases to different ways is very important.
References
Abdirad, I., Khoush, K. M., & Farokh, E. H. (2008). The prevalence at birth of overt congenital anomalies in Urmia, Northwestern Iran.Arch Iran Med, 11(2):148-51.
Afghan Voice News Agency (Ava) Kabul (2016), the first organization to reach special patients in Afghanistan, article code: 154428.
Golalipour, M. J., Mirfazeli, A., & Mobasheri, E. (2013). Incidence and pattern of congenital malformations in Gorgan-north of Iran. Journal of Medical Sciences (Faisalabad), 13(8), 834-838.
Hajian, K., Sharifi, P. H., Sharifzadeh, M., & Sharehpoor, M. (2000). Associated risk factors of congenital malformation. Article in Persian]. J Gorgan Bouyeh Faculty Nurs Midwifery, 15(55), 70-5.
Jenkins, K. J., Correa, A., Feinstein, J. A., Botto, L., Britt, A. E., Daniels, S. R., ... & Webb, C. L. (2007). Noninherited risk factors and congenital cardiovascular defects: current knowledge: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young: endorsed by the American Academy of Pediatrics. Circulation, 115(23), 2995-3014.
Jennifer, K. Hallowell, J. Boyd, P. Oakley, L. Brocklehurst, P. Gary, R.(2010) Inequalities in infant mortality project briefing paper 4.The contribution of congenital anomalies to infant mortality. Oxford: National Prenatal Epidemiology Unit.
Karbasi, SA. Golestan, M. Fallah, R. Mirnaseri, F. Barkhordari, K. Bafghee, MS. (2009) Prevalence of congenital malformations. Acta Med Iran .47(2):149-53.
Kavianyn, N., Mirfazeli, A., Aryaie, M., Hosseinpour, K., & Golalipour, M. J. (2016). Incidence of birth defects in Golestan province. Journal of Gorgan University of Medical Sciences, 17(4), 73-77.
Kurinczuk, J. J., Hollowell, J., Boyd, P. A., Oakley, L., Brocklehurst, P., & Gray, R. (2010). The contribution of congenital anomalies to infant mortality. National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, 2-3.
Linhart, Y., Bashiri, A., Maymon, E., Shoham-Vardi, I., Furman, B., Vardi, H., & Mazor, M. (2000). Congenital anomalies are an independent risk factor for neonatal morbidity and perinatal mortality in preterm birth. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 90(1), 43-49.
Motmaen,atiquallah.(5 April 20023). Thousands of children with a hole in the heart are waiting for treatment in Afghanistan. Report for Afghan Red Crescent Society.
Pediatric Cardiac Genomics Consortium, Writing Committee:, Gelb, B., Brueckner, M., Chung, W., Goldmuntz, E., ... & Wong, H. (2013). The congenital heart disease genetic network study: rationale, design, and early results. Circulation research, 112(4), 698-706.
Prashar, N., Gupta, S., Thakur, R., Sharma, P., & Sharma, G. (2016). A study of incidence of congenital anomalies in newborn: a hospital based study. Int J Res Med Sci, 4(06), 2050-2053.
Saberi, M., Hosseinpour, M., Khaleghnejad, A., Soori, H., & Maracy, M. R. (2020). Evaluation of incidence and main risk factors of major congenital anomalies in hospitals affiliated with isfahan university of medical sciences during 1395. Iranian Journal of Epidemiology, 16(1), 45-53.
Shawky, R. M., & Sadik, D. I. (2011). Congenital malformations prevalent among Egyptian children and associated risk factors. Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics, 12(1).
Shokohi, M., & Kashani, K. H. (2001). Prevalence and risk factors of congenital malformations in Hamadan. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci, 12(35), 42-5.
Taparia, S., Gelineau-van Waes, J., Rosenquist, T. H., & Finnell, R. H. (2007). Importance of folate-homocysteine homeostasis during early embryonic development.
Tayebi, N., Yazdani, K., & Naghshin, N. (2010). The prevalence of congenital malformations and its correlation with consanguineous marriages. Oman medical journal, 25(1), 37.
Tomatır, A. G., Demirhan, H., Sorkun, H. Ç., Köksal, A., Özerdem, F., & Cilengir, N. (2009). Major congenital anomalies: a five-year retrospective regional study in Turkey. Genetics and Molecular Research.
Toutounchi, P. (2003). Easily identifiable congental anomalies: Prevalence and risk factors.
Vatankhah, S., Jalilvand, M., Sarkhosh, S., Azarmi, M., & Mohseni, M. (2017). Prevalence of congenital anomalies in Iran: A review article. Iranian journal of public health, 46(6), 733.
Zahra Amini, N., Farkhondeh, A., Mitra, M., Batool, E., & Faezeh, F. (2014). Demographical condition of neonates with congenital abnormalities under Birjand city health centers during 2007-2012.
Zarante, I., López, M. A., Caro, A., García-Reyes, J. C., & Ospina, J. C. (2009). Impact and risk factors of craniofacial malformations in a Colombian population. International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology, 73(10), 1434-1437.