Effectiveness of Improving Home Environment as A Measure to Prevent the Transmission of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Badung Regency: A Quasi-Experimental Study

I Nyoman Gede Suyasa, I G A A Dharmawati, I Nyoman Jirna, I Nyoman Purna, Cokorda Dewi Widhya Hana Sundari, Ida Ayu Made Sri Arjani, Nyoman Mastra

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains a public health problem in Indonesia, including in Badung Regency, Bali. A physical home environment that does not meet health standards, such as poor ventilation, insufficient lighting, high humidity, and inappropriate room temperatures, can increase the risk of TB transmission. The objective of this study was to improve the home environmental quality, including room temperature, lighting, humidity, and ventilation rates, before and after environmental improvement interventions in the homes of pulmonary TB patients. The study employed a quasi-experimental design with a pre-posttest approach. The study sample consisted of 10 households of pulmonary TB patients located within the service areas of 10 community health centers (Puskesmas) in Badung Regency, Bali. The instrument used a digital thermo-hygrometer to measure temperature and humidity; a lux meter to measure lighting; and an anemometer to measure ventilation rate. The analysis used the McNemar test at a 95% significance level. The results show that before the intervention, the majority of homes did not meet the criteria for room temperature (70%), lighting (70%), humidity (90%), and ventilation rate (80%). After intervention, the proportion of homes that met the criteria increased to 90% for room temperature and lighting, 80% for humidity, and 80% for ventilation rate. The McNemar test showed significant differences in room temperature (p=0.031), lighting (p=0.031), humidity (p=0.016), and ventilation rate (p=0.031). In conclusion, enhancing natural ventilation, natural lighting, and humidity control in homes where people with pulmonary TB live improves the physical environment.

Article link: https://www.asianinstituteofresearch.org/JHMSarchives/effectiveness-of-improving-home-environment-as-a-measure-to-prevent-the-transmission-of-pulmonary-tuberculosis-in-badung-regency%3A-a-quasi-experimental-study